ວິທີຕິດຕັ້ງ Docker ແລະ Run Docker container ໃນ Ubuntu
Docker ແມ່ນແຫຼ່ງເປີດແລະເປັນທີ່ນິຍົມຂອງລະບົບປະຕິບັດການໃນລະດັບ virtualization (ທີ່ຮູ້ກັນທົ່ວໄປວ່າ“ ພາຊະນະບັນຈຸ”) ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີເຊິ່ງຕົ້ນຕໍແມ່ນໃຊ້ກັບ Linux ແລະ Windows. Docker ເຮັດໃຫ້ງ່າຍຕໍ່ການສ້າງ, ນຳ ໃຊ້ແລະແລ່ນ application ໂດຍການ ນຳ ໃຊ້ພາຊະນະບັນຈຸ.
ມີພາຊະນະບັນຈຸ, ນັກພັດທະນາ (ແລະຜູ້ບໍລິຫານລະບົບ) ສາມາດຈັດຕັ້ງແອັບພລິເຄຊັນພ້ອມທຸກຢ່າງທີ່ ຈຳ ເປັນເພື່ອ ດຳ ເນີນການສະ ໝັກ - ລະຫັດ, ໄລຍະເວລາ, ຫ້ອງສະ ໝຸດ, ຕົວແປສະພາບແວດລ້ອມແລະເອກະສານການຕັ້ງຄ່າ, ແລະຈັດສົ່ງມັນອອກເປັນຊຸດດຽວ. ແມ່ນແລ້ວ, ມັນດີເລີດແທ້ໆ!
ໃນບົດຂຽນນີ້, ພວກເຮົາຈະສະແດງວິທີການຕິດຕັ້ງ Docker CE (Community Edition), ສ້າງແລະແລ່ນ Docker container ໃນການແຈກຈ່າຍ Ubuntu.
ຕິດຕັ້ງ Docker CE (Community Edition) ໃນ Ubuntu
1. ເພື່ອຕິດຕັ້ງ Docker CE, ກ່ອນອື່ນ ໝົດ, ທ່ານ ຈຳ ເປັນຕ້ອງເອົາ Docker ລຸ້ນເກົ່າອອກເປັນເອີ້ນວ່າ docker , docker.io , ຫຼື docker-engine ຈາກລະບົບໂດຍໃຊ້ ຄຳ ສັ່ງຕໍ່ໄປນີ້.
$ sudo apt-get remove docker docker-engine docker.io containerd runc
2. ຕໍ່ໄປ, ທ່ານ ຈຳ ເປັນຕ້ອງຕັ້ງ Docker repository ເພື່ອຕິດຕັ້ງແລະອັບເດດ Docker ຈາກຫໍໄຕໂດຍໃຊ້ ຄຳ ສັ່ງຕໍ່ໄປນີ້.
$ sudo apt-get update $ curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add - $ sudo add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable"
3. ປັບປຸງດັດສະນີຊຸດ apt ແລະຕິດຕັ້ງ Docker CE ລຸ້ນລ້າສຸດໂດຍໃຊ້ ຄຳ ສັ່ງຕໍ່ໄປນີ້.
$ sudo apt-get update $ sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following additional packages will be installed: aufs-tools cgroupfs-mount pigz The following NEW packages will be installed: aufs-tools cgroupfs-mount containerd.io docker-ce docker-ce-cli pigz 0 upgraded, 6 newly installed, 0 to remove and 167 not upgraded. Need to get 50.7 MB of archives. After this operation, 243 MB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 pigz amd64 2.4-1 [57.4 kB] Get:2 https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 containerd.io amd64 1.2.4-1 [19.9 MB] Get:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 aufs-tools amd64 1:4.9+20170918-1ubuntu1 [104 kB] Get:4 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 cgroupfs-mount all 1.4 [6,320 B] Get:5 https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 docker-ce-cli amd64 5:18.09.3~3-0~ubuntu-bionic [13.1 MB] Get:6 https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 docker-ce amd64 5:18.09.3~3-0~ubuntu-bionic [17.4 MB] Fetched 50.7 MB in 7s (7,779 kB/s) ...
4. ຫຼັງຈາກຕິດຕັ້ງ Docker CE ສຳ ເລັດຜົນແລ້ວ, ການບໍລິການຄວນຈະເລີ່ມຕົ້ນແລະເຮັດໂດຍອັດຕະໂນມັດເພື່ອເລີ່ມຕົ້ນເມື່ອ boot system, ທ່ານສາມາດກວດເບິ່ງສະຖານະຂອງມັນໂດຍໃຊ້ ຄຳ ສັ່ງຕໍ່ໄປນີ້.
$ sudo systemctl status docker
● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Wed 2019-03-06 08:06:42 UTC; 2min 18s ago
Docs: https://docs.docker.com
Main PID: 5274 (dockerd)
Tasks: 8
CGroup: /system.slice/docker.service
└─5274 /usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock
Mar 06 08:06:41 tecmint dockerd[5274]: time="2019-03-06T08:06:41.562587408Z" level=warning msg="Your kernel does not support cgroup rt runtime"
Mar 06 08:06:41 tecmint dockerd[5274]: time="2019-03-06T08:06:41.562767803Z" level=warning msg="Your kernel does not support cgroup blkio weight"
Mar 06 08:06:41 tecmint dockerd[5274]: time="2019-03-06T08:06:41.562966844Z" level=warning msg="Your kernel does not support cgroup blkio weight_device"
Mar 06 08:06:41 tecmint dockerd[5274]: time="2019-03-06T08:06:41.565298457Z" level=info msg="Loading containers: start."
Mar 06 08:06:41 tecmint dockerd[5274]: time="2019-03-06T08:06:41.950942467Z" level=info msg="Default bridge (docker0) is assigned with an IP address 172.17.0.0/16. Daemon option --bip can be used to set a prefer
Mar 06 08:06:42 tecmint dockerd[5274]: time="2019-03-06T08:06:42.036964493Z" level=info msg="Loading containers: done."
Mar 06 08:06:42 tecmint dockerd[5274]: time="2019-03-06T08:06:42.156279378Z" level=info msg="Docker daemon" commit=774a1f4 graphdriver(s)=overlay2 version=18.09.3
Mar 06 08:06:42 tecmint dockerd[5274]: time="2019-03-06T08:06:42.157145045Z" level=info msg="Daemon has completed initialization"
Mar 06 08:06:42 tecmint systemd[1]: Started Docker Application Container Engine.
Mar 06 08:06:42 tecmint dockerd[5274]: time="2019-03-06T08:06:42.224229999Z" level=info msg="API listen on /var/run/docker.sock"
5. ສຸດທ້າຍ, ກວດສອບວ່າ Docker CE ຖືກຕິດຕັ້ງຢ່າງຖືກຕ້ອງໂດຍການແລ່ນຮູບພາບ ສະບາຍດີໂລກ .
$ sudo docker run hello-world
Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.
To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
(amd64)
3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
to your terminal.
To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
$ docker run -it ubuntu bash
Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
https://hub.docker.com/
For more examples and ideas, visit:
https://docs.docker.com/get-started/
ຮຽນຮູ້ ຄຳ ສັ່ງພື້ນຖານໃນ Docker ໃນ Ubuntu
6. ເພື່ອໃຫ້ໄດ້ຂໍ້ມູນກ່ຽວກັບ Docker, ໃຫ້ເຮັດຕາມ ຄຳ ສັ່ງຕໍ່ໄປນີ້.
$ sudo docker info Kernel Version: 5.0.0-050000-generic Operating System: Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS OSType: linux Architecture: x86_64 CPUs: 1 Total Memory: 1.452GiB Name: tecmint ID: FWSB:IRIF:DYL7:PRB5:Y66E:37MY:ISPO:HZVY:6YJO:2IYL:TO6Y:GNB7 Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker Debug Mode (client): false Debug Mode (server): false Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/ Labels: Experimental: false Insecure Registries: 127.0.0.0/8 Live Restore Enabled: false Product License: Community Engine
7. ເພື່ອໃຫ້ໄດ້ຂໍ້ມູນກ່ຽວກັບລຸ້ນ Docker, ໃຫ້ເຮັດຕາມ ຄຳ ສັ່ງຕໍ່ໄປນີ້.
$ sudo docker version Client: Version: 18.09.3 API version: 1.39 Go version: go1.10.8 Git commit: 774a1f4 Built: Thu Feb 28 06:53:11 2019 OS/Arch: linux/amd64 Experimental: false Server: Docker Engine - Community Engine: Version: 18.09.3 API version: 1.39 (minimum version 1.12) Go version: go1.10.8 Git commit: 774a1f4 Built: Thu Feb 28 05:59:55 2019 OS/Arch: linux/amd64 Experimental: false
8. ເພື່ອໃຫ້ໄດ້ຮັບບັນຊີລາຍຊື່ຂອງ ຄຳ ສັ່ງ Docker ທີ່ມີຢູ່ທັງ ໝົດ ແລ່ນ docker ຢູ່ປາຍຍອດຂອງທ່ານ.
$ docker
Usage: docker [OPTIONS] COMMAND
A self-sufficient runtime for containers
Options:
--config string Location of client config files (default "/home/tecmint/.docker")
-D, --debug Enable debug mode
-H, --host list Daemon socket(s) to connect to
-l, --log-level string Set the logging level ("debug"|"info"|"warn"|"error"|"fatal") (default "info")
--tls Use TLS; implied by --tlsverify
--tlscacert string Trust certs signed only by this CA (default "/home/tecmint/.docker/ca.pem")
--tlscert string Path to TLS certificate file (default "/home/tecmint/.docker/cert.pem")
--tlskey string Path to TLS key file (default "/home/tecmint/.docker/key.pem")
--tlsverify Use TLS and verify the remote
-v, --version Print version information and quit
Management Commands:
builder Manage builds
config Manage Docker configs
container Manage containers
engine Manage the docker engine
image Manage images
network Manage networks
node Manage Swarm nodes
plugin Manage plugins
secret Manage Docker secrets
service Manage services
stack Manage Docker stacks
swarm Manage Swarm
system Manage Docker
trust Manage trust on Docker images
volume Manage volumes
....
ດາວໂຫລດຮູບ Docker ໃນ Ubuntu
9. ເພື່ອ ດຳ ເນີນການບັນຈຸ Docker, ທຳ ອິດ, ທ່ານ ຈຳ ເປັນຕ້ອງດາວໂຫລດຮູບຈາກ Docker Hub - ໃຫ້ຮູບພາບທີ່ບໍ່ເສຍຄ່າຈາກຫໍສະມຸດຂອງມັນ.
ຍົກຕົວຢ່າງ, ເພື່ອດາວໂຫລດຮູບ Docker ທີ່ມີຊື່ວ່າ CentOS 7 , ອອກ ຄຳ ສັ່ງຕໍ່ໄປນີ້.
$ sudo docker search centos NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED centos The official build of CentOS. 5227 [OK] ansible/centos7-ansible Ansible on Centos7 120 [OK] jdeathe/centos-ssh CentOS-6 6.10 x86_64 / CentOS-7 7.5.1804 x86… 107 [OK] consol/centos-xfce-vnc Centos container with "headless" VNC session… 81 [OK] imagine10255/centos6-lnmp-php56 centos6-lnmp-php56 50 [OK] centos/mysql-57-centos7 MySQL 5.7 SQL database server 47 tutum/centos Simple CentOS docker image with SSH access 43 gluster/gluster-centos Official GlusterFS Image [ CentOS-7 + Glust… 40 [OK] openshift/base-centos7 A Centos7 derived base image for Source-To-I… 39 centos/postgresql-96-centos7 PostgreSQL is an advanced Object-Relational … 37 centos/python-35-centos7 Platform for building and running Python 3.5… 33 kinogmt/centos-ssh CentOS with SSH 26 [OK] openshift/jenkins-2-centos7 A Centos7 based Jenkins v2.x image for use w… 20 centos/php-56-centos7 Platform for building and running PHP 5.6 ap… 19 pivotaldata/centos-gpdb-dev CentOS image for GPDB development. Tag names… 10 openshift/wildfly-101-centos7 A Centos7 based WildFly v10.1 image for use … 6 openshift/jenkins-1-centos7 DEPRECATED: A Centos7 based Jenkins v1.x ima… 4 darksheer/centos Base Centos Image -- Updated hourly 3 [OK] pivotaldata/centos Base centos, freshened up a little with a Do… 2 pivotaldata/centos-mingw Using the mingw toolchain to cross-compile t… 2 pivotaldata/centos-gcc-toolchain CentOS with a toolchain, but unaffiliated wi… 1 openshift/wildfly-81-centos7 A Centos7 based WildFly v8.1 image for use w… 1 blacklabelops/centos CentOS Base Image! Built and Updates Daily! 1 [OK] smartentry/centos centos with smartentry 0 [OK] jameseckersall/sonarr-centos Sonarr on CentOS 7 0 [OK]
10. ຫຼັງຈາກທີ່ທ່ານໄດ້ ກຳ ນົດວ່າຮູບພາບໃດທີ່ທ່ານຕ້ອງການ ດຳ ເນີນການໂດຍອີງໃສ່ຄວາມຕ້ອງການຂອງທ່ານ, ດາວໂຫລດມັນຢູ່ໃນທ້ອງຖິ່ນໂດຍການເຮັດວຽກຕາມ ຄຳ ສັ່ງລຸ່ມນີ້ (ໃນກໍລະນີນີ້ຮູບພາບ CentOS ຈະຖືກດາວໂຫລດແລະ ນຳ ໃຊ້).
$ docker pull centos Using default tag: latest latest: Pulling from library/centos a02a4930cb5d: Pull complete Digest: sha256:184e5f35598e333bfa7de10d8fb1cebb5ee4df5bc0f970bf2b1e7c7345136426 Status: Downloaded newer image for centos:latest
11. ເພື່ອບອກທຸກຮູບ Docker ທີ່ມີຢູ່ໃນໂຮດຂອງທ່ານໃຫ້ເຮັດຕາມ ຄຳ ສັ່ງຕໍ່ໄປນີ້.
$ sudo docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE hello-world latest fce289e99eb9 2 months ago 1.84kB centos latest 1e1148e4cc2c 3 months ago 202MB
12. ຖ້າທ່ານບໍ່ຕ້ອງການຮູບ Docker ອີກຕໍ່ໄປແລະທ່ານສາມາດເອົາມັນອອກໂດຍໃຊ້ ຄຳ ສັ່ງຕໍ່ໄປນີ້.
$ sudo docker rmi centos Untagged: centos:latest Untagged: [email :184e5f35598e333bfa7de10d8fb1cebb5ee4df5bc0f970bf2b1e7c7345136426 Deleted: sha256:1e1148e4cc2c148c6890a18e3b2d2dde41a6745ceb4e5fe94a923d811bf82ddb Deleted: sha256:071d8bd765171080d01682844524be57ac9883e53079b6ac66707e192ea25956
ດໍາເນີນການ Docker Container ໃນ Ubuntu
13. ເພື່ອສ້າງແລະ ດຳ ເນີນການບັນຈຸ Docker, ທຳ ອິດທ່ານ ຈຳ ເປັນຕ້ອງ ດຳ ເນີນການ ຄຳ ສັ່ງເຂົ້າໃນຮູບພາບ CentOS ທີ່ຖືກດາວໂຫລດ, ດັ່ງນັ້ນ ຄຳ ສັ່ງພື້ນຖານກໍ່ຄືການກວດເບິ່ງເອກະສານສະບັບການແຈກຢາຍພາຍໃນພາຊະນະໂດຍໃຊ້ ຄຳ ສັ່ງ cat , ດັ່ງທີ່ສະແດງ.
$ docker run centos cat /etc/issue
14. ເພື່ອ ດຳ ເນີນການບັນຈຸອີກຄັ້ງ ທຳ ອິດ, ທ່ານ ຈຳ ເປັນຕ້ອງໄດ້ຮັບເອົາຕູ້ຄອນເທນເນີຫລືຊື່ໂດຍການແລ່ນ ຄຳ ສັ່ງຕໍ່ໄປນີ້ເຊິ່ງມັນຈະສະແດງລາຍຊື່ຂອງກ່ອງທີ່ ກຳ ລັງແລ່ນແລະຢຸດ:
$ sudo docker ps -l CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 0ddfa81c5779 centos "cat /etc/issue" About a minute ago Exited (0) About a minute ago elastic_shirley
15. ເມື່ອໃດທີ່ບັດປະ ຈຳ ຕົວຫລືຊື່ໄດ້ຮັບແລ້ວ, ທ່ານສາມາດເລີ່ມຕົ້ນບັນຈຸພາສາໂດຍໃຊ້ ຄຳ ສັ່ງດັ່ງຕໍ່ໄປນີ້:
$ sudo docker start 0ddfa81c5779 OR $ sudo docker start elastic_shirley
ໃນນີ້, ລະຫັດ 0ddfa81c5779 ໝາຍ ເຖິງ ID ຂອງພາຊະນະແລະ elastic_shirley ເປັນຕົວແທນຊື່ພາຊະນະ.
16. ເພື່ອຢຸດການບັນຈຸຕູ້ຄອນເທນເນີແລ່ນ docker stop ຄຳ ສັ່ງໂດຍລະບຸຊື່ຕູ້ຄອນເທນເນີຫລືຊື່.
$ sudo docker stop 0ddfa81c5779 OR $ sudo docker stop elastic_shirley
17. ວິທີການທີ່ດີກວ່າ, ເພື່ອວ່າທ່ານບໍ່ ຈຳ ເປັນຕ້ອງຈື່ ຈຳ ເລກບັນຈຸທີ່ຈະ ໝາຍ ເຖິງຊື່ທີ່ເປັນເອກະລັກຂອງແຕ່ລະຖັງທີ່ທ່ານສ້າງໂດຍການໃຊ້ຕົວເລືອກ - ຊື່ ທີ່ໄດ້ສະແດງໄວ້.
$ docker run --name myname centos cat /etc/issue
18. ເພື່ອເຊື່ອມຕໍ່ແລະໃຊ້ ຄຳ ສັ່ງ Linux ໃນບັນຫາບັນຈຸ ຄຳ ສັ່ງຕໍ່ໄປນີ້.
$ docker run -it centos bash uname -a Linux 6213ec547863 5.0.0-050000-generic #201903032031 SMP Mon Mar 4 01:33:18 UTC 2019 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux cat /etc/redhat-release CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core)
19. ການທີ່ຈະເຊົາແລະກັບມາເປັນເຈົ້າພາບຈາກການປະຊຸມຕູ້ຄອນເທນເນີທີ່ ກຳ ລັງແລ່ນທ່ານຕ້ອງພິມ ຄຳ ສັ່ງ <ອອກເດີນທາງ ຕາມທີ່ສະແດງໄວ້.
$ exit
ນັ້ນແມ່ນທັງ ໝົດ ສຳ ລັບການ ໝູນ ໃຊ້ພາຊະນະບັນຈຸພື້ນຖານ. ຖ້າທ່ານມີ ຄຳ ຖາມຫຼື ຄຳ ເຫັນໃດໆກ່ຽວກັບບົດຂຽນນີ້, ໃຊ້ແບບຟອມ ຄຳ ເຫັນຂ້າງລຸ່ມນີ້ເພື່ອຕິດຕໍ່ຫາພວກເຮົາ.